Interesting medical tidbits 2

               
                 

Interesting medical tidbits 2

Cardiovascular system

Cyanotic heart diseases

Congestive cardiac failure in Fallots Tetrology is uncommon

Unless associated with

.Pulmonary atrasia

Aortic incompetence

Patent ductus arteriosus

Infective endocarditis

Severe anemia

Endomyocardial fibrosis

 Variants of Fallots tetrology

Acyanotic Fallots(pulmonary stenosis is mild)

Fallots with Pulmonary atresia-clinically no Ejection systolic murmur in pulmonary area but soft continuos murmur below the clavicle or at the back.

Why cyanosis does not occur at birth in Fallots tetrology?

HbF is predominantly in 1^st year of life. It binds less avidly to O₂ and releases O₂ easily at times of need.Hence in first few months (6months) cyanosis is minimal. After 6mths HbF is replaced by HbA which releases O₂ less readily.As the child grows up O₂ need increase and cyanosis is manifest more.

Cyanotic heart diseases with ischemic lung fields in Xray chest

1.Fallots terology

2.Fallots triology(PS with ASD)

3.Tricuspid atresia(LVH)

Cyanotic Heart disease with plethoric lung fields

1.Transposition of great arteries

2.Peristent truncus arteriosus

3.TAPVD

4.Eisenmengers Syndrome

Chamber hypertrophy in cyanotic heart diseases

cyanotic heart defects  withRight ventricular hypertrophy

TOF

PS with ASD

Transposition

Eisenmengers

TAPVD

cyanotic heart diseases withLeft ventricular hypertrophy

Tricuspid atrasia

(the commonest Cyanotic heart disease with LVH is Tricuspid atrasia)

Biventricular hypertrophy in persistant Truncus arteriosis